[Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD) Associated with Autoimmune Diseases by the Pulmonologyst in the Differents ILD Units in Spain]. / Manejo de las enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales difusas (EPID) asociadas a enfermedades autoinmunes, por el neumólogo en las diferentes unidades de EPID en España.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to know the management of patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with a systemic autoimmune diseases (SAD) in pulmonology outpatient clinics in Spain. Methodology: The ILD work area of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) designed a self-completed questionnaire of 25 questions, on aspects related to the diagnosis and treatment of ILD-SAD. This was distributed among the attendees of the winter meeting of the ILD Area and later via e-mail to all the members of the ILD area of SEPAR. Participation was anonymous, voluntary and without consideration. Results: 74 pulmonologists from 58 hospitals participated. 77% had a specialized ILD consultation. All Units with SEPAR accreditation had a committee made up of pulmonologists and radiologists and a majority participation of pathologists and rheumatologists. In 75% of the centers there was a close collaboration with Rheumatology for the management of ILD-SAD. 85% considered that the frequency of ILD-SAD consults is increasing, the most frequent being ILD associated with rheumatoid arthritis. The treatment of ILD-SAD is decided by consensus between pulmonologist and rheumatologist in 91.3% of the cases. 67% of pulmonologists consider that immunosuppressants and biological therapies can slow down the progression of ILD-SAD. 51% use antifibrotics therapies in these pathologies. Conclusions: Almost all of the accredited Spanish ILD Units by SEPAR have established collaborations with Rheumatology for the adequate management of patients with ILD-SAD, this practice having been extended to units not yet accredited.

[Accelerated phase of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis]. / Fase acelerada de la fibrosis pulmonar idiopática.

The natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by a slow progression resulting in respiratory failure and death. The progression to the fulminant form is rapid in a small percentage of cases, however. Within weeks or months, patients develop respiratory distress, and extensive ground-glass patterns can be seen in computed tomography scans and hyaline membranes in biopsy samples. This is described as an accelerated phase of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, in which elevated levels of acute-phase reactants and tumor markers have been reported. To date, the monoclonal tumor marker, CA 15/3 has not been associated with the accelerated phase.

Fase acelerada de la fibrosis pulmonar idiopática / Accelerated phase of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

La historia natural de la fibrosis pulmonar idiopática es la lenta evolución hacia la insuficiencia respiratoria y la muerte. Sin embargo, un pequeño porcentaje de casos evoluciona en semanas o pocos meses de forma fulminante con insuficiencia respiratoria, imágenes extensas de vidrio esmerilado y formación de membranas hialinas en las muestras de biopsia; es lo que se denomina "fase acelerada" de la fibrosis pulmonar idiopática, durante la cual se describen incrementos de las cifras de reactantes de fase aguda y marcadores tumorales. Hasta la fecha no se ha relacionado el marcador tumoral monoclonal CA 15/3 con dicha fase acelerada

The natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by a slow progression resulting in respiratory failure and death. The progression to the fulminant form is rapid in a small percentage of cases, however. Within weeks or months, patients develop respiratory distress, and extensive ground-glass patterns can be seen in computed tomography scans and hyaline membranes in biopsy samples. This is described as an accelerated phase of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, in which elevated levels of acute-phase reactants and tumor markers have been reported. To date, the monoclonal tumor marker, CA 15/3 has not been associated with the accelerated phase